During the 1940s, Italy, under fascist dictator Benito Mussolini, declared war on the Allies during the Second World War. The consequence was the Allies invading Italy in 1943, essentially beginning a two year long civil war. By the end of the 40s, Italy abandoned its regal form of government and became a parliamentary republic.
10 June - Italy declares war against France and the United Kingdom, beginning the African and Southern European theatres of WW2.